About the Contributors

John Arquilla, PhD, is Professor in the Department of Defense Analysis at the Naval Postgraduate School Department of Defense Analysis in Monterey, California. His research interests include the revolution in military affairs, information-age conflict, and irregular warfare. He has published on these subjects as well as on special operations through history.

Frank J. Barrett, PhD is Professor of Management in the Graduate School of Business and Public Policy at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California. He is also a Faculty Member of Human and Organizational Development at the Fielding Graduate University. Dr Barrett has written and lectured widely on social constructionism, appreciative inquiry, organizational change, jazz improvisation and organizational learning.

Douglas A. Borer, PhD, is Associate Professor at the Naval Postgraduate School Department of Defense Analysis in Monterey, California. His research interests include war and political legitimacy, economic statecraft, and strategy and systems and has published on Vietnam, Afghanistan, and Iraq.

Dorothy Denning, PhD, is Professor of Defense Analysis at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California. Her areas of research include influence and information operations, cybercrime, terrorism, information security, and trust.

Maj. James Kinniburgh is an Air Force officer currently serving as Information Operations Branch Chief at the Joint Special Operations University, Hurlburt Field, Florida. Areas of special research include cybersociology, intelligence, influence and information operations, and special operations. He received his MS in Defense Analysis from the Naval Postgraduate School.

Carnes Lord, PhD, is Professor of Military and Naval Strategy in the Strategic Research Department of the Center for Naval Warfare Studies, US Naval War College. He is a political scientist with broad interests in international and strategic studies, national security organization and management, and political philosophy and has held various senior positions in the US government. His research interests include strategy leadership and statecraft, national security organization and management, and arms control.

Anthony R. Pratkanis, PhD, is currently Professor of Psychology at the University of California, Santa Cruz where he studies social influence and persuasion.  Anthony Pratkanis is the founding and current editor of the scientific journal, Social Influence. He wrote this chapter while serving as a Visiting Professor of Information Sciences at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, CA.

Glenn E. Robinson, PhD, is Associate Professor in the Department of Defense Analysis at the Naval Postgraduate School. He has traveled widely in the Middle East and has studied at a number of universities in the region. His research interests include the relationships between regional peace and domestic disorder in the Middle East, collective action in Muslim societies, and the political economy of authoritarianism and democratic transitions.

David Ronfeldt, PhD, a senior political scientist at the Rand Corporation (he wrote for this volume while on leave, independently of any Rand project). His interests include information-age conflict, networks and netwars, and social evolution.

Hy S. Rothstein, PhD, is a senior lecturer in the Naval Postgraduate School Department of Defense Analysis. He served in the US Army as a Special Forces officer for 26 years before starting a teaching career. He spent many years in Latin America training and advising governments threatened by active insurgencies and lectured on related subjects. His interests include national security policy, unconventional warfare, combating terrorism, psychological warfare and military deception.

Theodore R. Sarbin, PhD, was born in 1911 and passed away in 2005. He first served the Psychology faculty at the University of California at Berkeley, from 1949-1969. He proposed the unorthodox position that problems conventionally thought of as "mental illness" could better be construed as moral judgments rendered by those in a position of social power about individuals whose conduct is unwanted or perceived as dangerous. Professor Sarbin continued to challenge orthodox views in psychology throughout his professional life. He offered interpretations of hypnosis that avoided the necessity of positing a special mental state, viewing hypnotic behavior in terms of a person’s ability to take the role of the hypnotic subject. Likewise, such concepts as ‘hallucinations,’ ‘anxiety’ and ‘schizophrenia’ were subject to Sarbin’s relentless efforts to ‘demythologize’ psychology. Professor Sarbin left Berkeley to join the faculty of the University of California at Santa Cruz in 1969. He continued there until his retirement in 1976. In addition, he served for varying periods on the faculty at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey. In 1987, he became a Research Psychologist for the Defense Personnel Security Research and Education Center (PERSEREC) a program of the U.S. Navy. He continued to work at PERSEREC until June 2005, two months before his death at the age of 94. In the course of his academic career, Professor Sarbin received scores of honors—including both Fulbright and Guggenheim fellowships. He was a Research Scholar at Nuffield College of Oxford University in 1963. He was a Fellow at the Center for Advanced Studies at Wesleyan University in 1968-69, and returned there for another period in 1975. He received the Morton Prince Award from the Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis and the Henry Murray Award from the American Psychological Association. He was recognized with a lifetime achievement award from the WesternPsychological Association in 2001. Included among his more than 250 professional publications are six books and another six edited volumes. Over the past 20 years, Sarbin has concentrated on developing and promoting the practice of narrative psychology, departing from the narrow research methodologies of traditional psychology in favor of a method based on the primacy of story and dramatic unfolding as a way of understanding human experience. Here again, Sarbin is recognized as a pioneer in psychology, much as he was for his dissertation research done more than 65 years ago. This volume is dedicated to him.

Barton Whaley, PhD, is a Research Professor in the Department of Defense Analysis at the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School and is a consultant with and author for the National Intelligence Council's Foreign Denial & Deception Committee (FDDC). An internationally renowned scholar and authority on deception and counterdeception, Dr. Whaley was earlier associated with The American University's former Special Operations Research Office, M.I.T.'s Center for International Studies (1961-69), the RAND Corporation, and the Center for Strategic and International Studies.